andrews



E. W. ANDREWS'.

IN'UUBATOR.

(N o Model.)

Patented Nov. 14, 1893.

1.-. I l I I l l I I il UNITED STATES vPATENT OFFICE.

, EDWIN W; ANDREWS, or ELMIRA, NEW YORK, AssIeNoR To EMANUEL e ANDREWS.A

INCUBATOR.

's'PnorEIoATIoN arming part of Letters Patent No. 508,857, datedNovember 14, 1893.

Application iiled December 1. 18.92. Serial No. 453,788. (No model.)

To afl?- wlwm it may concern,.-

Beit known that I, EDWIN W. ANDREWS, a

citizen ofthe United States, 'residing at El will enable others skilledin the art to which 1t appertains to make and use the sanne.v

to obtain by the use of my said invention is to provide and toproduce anincubator of novel construction wherein certain advantages of operationare to be obtained. Specitcally speaking, these advantages consistprimarily in th'e production of an` incubator whlchwill be more compactin size and efvfective in operation than those4 incubatore which havebeen heretofore made, and where- 1n large radiating drums and water arepans made use of. A

Another advantage is in the novel means I have employed in heating theinterior of the incubator, or incubating chamber, and in supplyingthereto the propel` amount of moisture, all of whichI will morefully hereinafter describe and claim.

AF'ora better comprehension of my improved Incubator attention isdirected to the accomspecification, and in which- Figure 1 is a top viewof the incubator with the cover and lamp removed and showing a port1onof the water drum in section. Fig. 2 1s a v ertical sectional view ofthe incubator showing the heating apparatus in elevation; Fig. anenlarged elevation of the water drum, showing the air valve therein;Fig. 4 a top view of the lamp burner and one form of regulatingmechanism of the same. an elevation-of Fig. 4. f

In all of the above views,corresponding parts are designated by the sameletters of reference. f

A represents the ordinary incubating cham- 5o ber, which isto besupported in any way,but

mg. 5 is preferably on suitable legs B. This incubating chamber isprovided at one side with the usual doors having glass doors therein,Athrough which the'interior of the incubating chamber may be observed,and by which the amountol:` moisture necessary in theincubator may bedetermined by the extent of the coudensation thereon, as will beexplained hereinafter.

C is a partition mounted Within the vincutending from top to bottom andfrom side to side, so as to form a smaller chamber C at one end.

Dis another partition arranged similarly to the partition C and near theother end of the incubating` chamber, except that it is provided with anopen space beneath its lower end through which the air may circulate outthrough the opening a.

E is awater drum which is placed within the chamber C at thek upper partthereof, and which is preferably made of sheet metal or cast metal inthe form of a hollow parallclogram. This water drum is provided at itscentral part witha vertical partition bextending from the top to thebottom of said water drum, and with short connecting partitions b', bymeans of which a secondary chamber F will be formed Within said waterdrum.

G G are metal pipes which'eitend horizontally out from the secondarychamber F near its lower part and provided at their outside ends eachwith a double elbow c, which are conected to the water drum by pipes Hwhich enter the latter near its bottom. These pipes Gand Il, beingarranged as I have just described near the upper end of the incubatingchamber, will not interfere in any way with the proper distribution ofthe eggs therein.

The heating apparatus for my improved incubator is located preferably atthe end thereof, adjacent to the water drum. vThis heatingy apparatusconsists of an ordinary lamp cl having, preferably, a metallic chimneyd', which flares outwardly. Mounted directly above this chimney d is awater tank e, having a flaring passage e therein, which constitutespractically a continuation of the bating chamber near one end thereof-and ex- IOO chimney d. This water tank e is provided at one side with afaucet f by which the water may be withdrawn from the apparatus.

Mounted a short distance above the water tank e is a smaller cylindricalwater tank g the ytop ot' which is ona level intermediate between thetop of the water drum E and the radiating pipes G and H." Thiscylindrical water tank g is provided at its top with an opening having ascrew cap g thereon, through which the desired amount of water may beintroduced into the apparatus. The water tank g communicates with-thewater tank e by means of small conducting pipes h. The proper supply ofair to thelamp dis obtained by means ofismall holes lwhich are madewithin the chimney d. The upper cylindrical water tank g communicatesdirectly with the Water drum E by means of a horizontal pipe j whichpasses through the end wall of the incubating chamber and enters thewater drum near its bottom. The water tank e communicates with thesecondary chamber F by means of a right angled pipe lo which enters thewater drum e at or near its lower end and extends into-the secondarychamber F so as to be Hush with the bottoin of said second- `arychamber, or approximately so. These pipes j and k serve to support thewater tanksy e and g so that the latter will be independent of the lamp(Zand will bear in no way theref on. The lamp d can therefore be removedat any time for the purpose of filling, as may be desired.

Extendingr up from the bottom of the incubating chamber and entering thesecondary chamber F are air supply pipes Z, which extend up into saidsecondary chamber F to a point near its upper end so as to be above thelevel of the water within the same. `The said secondary chamber 'F isprovided on its inner wall with a plurality of holes m, 1n, which areplaced above the level of the water in the secondary chamber and whichopen into the incubating chamber. Mounted upon the samewall of thesecondary chamber, and in the incubating chamber above the pipes G andH, is a slide I, held in guides m and provided with a handle Iextendingloutside ofthe incubating chamber and by-w'hich the said slideI may be moved back and forth. The said slide I is provided withopenings therein, corresponding in size` and location with the openingsm.

A convenient form of regulating mechan- The preferablel material ofwhich I desire` to construct the thermostatic bar J is hard rubber,because I have found in experimenting with my improved incubator thatthat material is extremely susceptible to slight changes in temperaturebut it is evident that `any other suitable material may be substi-`tuted, such, for, example, as brass or acombination of brass and hardrubber. Extending up from the central portion of the lthermostatic bar.I is a metal rod o, leading up to the top of the incubating chamber andengaging with oney end of the lever K, which is fulcrumed,as shown,close to the rod o. `The said rod o is screw-threaded at its upper endand is provide'd on that portion with an adjusting nut o' by which therelative relations between the lever K and the thermostatic bar J may beregulated at will. Pivoted 'to the outside end of the level K is a rod Lwhich` extends downward and is movably connected in any way with the endot' the lever p, fulcrumed preferably near saidend and onto the burnerof the lamp.` The other end of said lever p connects rigidly with thecrank arm Q, which extends horizontally across the lamp burner with `itscrank portion surrounding the wick. The ordinary wick tube is surroundedwith the movable shield r, provided with' wings fr having openingstherein, through which the crank portions of the arm Q extend. By meansof the system of levers which I have just described, it will be observedthat va very slight movement ofthe thermostatic bar will causeacorrespondingly lengthy movement upward and downward of the shield'rl soas to allect the dame to a greater or less extent.

The above described heat regulating device will not be claimed herein,the Commissionerv of Patents, having required me to file a divis` .ionalapplication thereon, and it will, therefore, be understood that myimproved incubator is entirely independent of said heat regulatingdevice, and that ,any suitable heat regulating device may be used inconnection therewith. I consider that the said heat regulating deviceis" however, a very convenient and appropriate device for use with myimproved incubator.

M represents the egg rack, which is supported on cleats 8,3, secured tothe partitions C and VD and arranged beneath the radiating pipes G andH. p

It will be evident that the height of the incubating chamber may beincreased as desired, and that a corresponding number of egg trays maybe used.

v The operation of my device and of the improved thermostatic regulatortherefor will now be described.

A suitable quantity of water is poured into the water chamber g vuntilthere is a sufli.

cient height therein to lcover the pipe j. This water will thereforeentirely fill the water tank e, the pipe'k, the radiating pipes G and H,the connecting pipejand will partially till the water drum E, thesecondary chamber F, and the water tank g. The lamp being lighted theheat therefrom will ascend the flaring passage e and will flow againstthe bottom of the IOO llO

' H, the double elbows, C,.the pipes Gand G, the

secondary chamber F, and the pipe 7c, back to the water tank e. The hotwater within the radiating tubes G and H will therefore heat theinterior of the incubating chamber to the desired temperature. At thesame time that the Water is circulating betweenthe radiating pipes G andII, a suitable supply ofair enters the air pipes Z fromthe bottom of theincubating` chamber and passing up into the top of the secondary chamberF- above the water li'ue and coming into contact with the water therein,will pass out through the openings m and will enter the incubatingchamber in a thoroughly moistened condition. This moistened air willpass down through the incubating chamber around the eggs on the egg trayand under the-bttom of the partition D, and will escape through the venta.

The moistened air coming into contact with the glass doors of the devicewill condense thereon and according'to the amount of this condensationwhich can be observed from the outside of the device, a person skilledin the operation of my improved incubator can readily determine whetheror not the proper amount of mistened air is entering the incubator. Ittoo great an amount of air is passing over the eggs the handle 1 of theslide valve is moved slightly, so that the holes in thevside of saidvalve are thrown out of their corresponding relations with the holes inthe secondary chamber F, so that maintained in the box istirstdetermined by ex-y g the supply lof air is decreased. The supply ofmoistened `air in the incubating chamber can be so regulated thatoit-lier a very small quantity will pass through or a very greatquantity, as will be necessary, according to the condition of theatmosphere of the room in which the incubator is to be placed, and inthis connection it is to be noticed that in incubators wherein a vwatertank is made use of, there is no provision for regulating the supply ofmoistened air within the same. Often therefis too much moisture'in theair for the proper incnbationof the eggsand at other times there is notenough moisture for thispn rpose. The proper temperature which is to beperimentng with the'adj usting screw o if the heat regulating mechanismdescribed above is used and when once obtained,no further adj ustmentwill be necessary. Should the temperature within the incubating chamberbegin to rise the thermostatic bar J will expand and will curve orbuckle at its center causing the rod to rise slightly and the outsideend of the lever K to be depressed to a greater extentand'allow theconnecting rod L to be correspondingly moved and the short lever p .willbe elevated at its longer end, so as to carry the shield lr upwardY andsurround the flame to a certain extent and the heat thereof -will Abedecreased until the'increased heat which caused the thermostatic bar tobe voperated ywill be thorough-ly counteracted.

Having now described my invention, what l claim as new therein, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

i 1. Iiian incubator, the combination with au incubatingchamber; of thewaterdrum E.

therein; the lamp d, outside of said incubating chamber; the water tankse and'g, above said lamp,and communicating with each other. the-tank g,communicatingwith the water drum E; the radiating pipes H, in saidincubating chamber, and communicating with said water drum E; .and the`radiating pipes G, in said incubating chamber, connecting with saidradiating pipes H, and communieating with said tank by means of, the'pipe je, substantially as set forth.-

A2. In an ineubator,`the combination with anl incubating chamber of thewater drum E and secondary chamber F, therein; the radi-l ating pipes Hcommunicating with said water drum, the radiating pipes G, G,communicating with said secondary chamber; the elbows C, C, connectingsaid pipes G and H, the air pipes Z, l, extending up into said secondarychamber F above the water line; the water tank g communicating with saidwater drum E and the tank e, communicating with said secondary chamberF; the pipes h, h, connecting said 'water tanks e and g, the lamp a,beneath the said water tank e, substantially as described.

3. In an incubator, the combination with an incubating chamber of thewater drum, the secondary chamber F within the same; the radiating pipesH, H, y communicating with said water drum; the pipesG, G, communicatingwith said secondary chamber F; the elbows C, C, connecting said pipes G,H; the air pipes 1,1, entering said secondary chamber above the waterline; the openings m, fm, in said secondary'chamber and entering theincubating chamber; the slide valve, I, having holes therein,corresponding with holes in the IOC l'IO

water tank g, communicating with said water 5` drum E; the water tank ecommunicating with*I said secondary chamber F; the pipes h, h,

e.'and g; the lamp c,beneath said water tank' e; the chimney d for saidlamp; the openings z', i', within said chimney, and the daring openings@"extending up through said tank e and opening beneath the bottom of thewater `tank g, substantially as described.`

5. 1u an incubator, the combination with an incubating chamber of thepartitions C and D; the openings beneath the partition D; the vent a;the egg rack M supported by Said partitions C and D; and radiating pipesin upper part of said incubating chamber, substantially as described.

6. In an ineubator,consistiug of an incubating chamber, provided withthe partitions C and Dv therein; the opening beneath the partition D;the vent-a; the egg rack M supported by said partitions C and D';radiating `pipes near the upper end of said incubating.

chamber, the-heating apparatus at onel end of said ineub-ating'chamber,the said radiating pipes connecting said heating apparatus and a heatregulating device, substantialiyas described.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

v EDWIN \V. ANDREWS.

\Vitnesses: 5

GEO. W. CONNER, H. C. ROBERTSON.

